Global Lipstick Competitive Landscape Professional Research Report 2026

According to DIResearch＇s in-depth investigation and research, the global Lipstick market size will reach 8,840.89 Million USD in 2026 and is projected to reach 13,702.54 Million USD by 2033, with a CAGR of 6.46% (2026-2033). Notably, the China Lipstick market has changed rapidly in the past few years. By 2026, China＇s market size is expected to be Million USD, representing approximately % of the global market share.

Research Summary

Lipstick is a cosmetic product that is typically applied to the lips to add color, shine, and texture. It is available in various forms such as solid sticks, liquid, or gloss. Lipsticks are made by combining pigments, oils, waxes, and emollients. The pigments give lipsticks their range of colors, while the oils and waxes provide a smooth texture and moisturization.Lipstick Market size was valued at USD 9.57 billion in 2021 and is poised to grow from USD 10.08 billion in 2022 to USD 14.68 billion by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 5.5% in the forecast period (2023-2030).

The major global  manufacturers of Lipstick include L’Oreal Group, PG, Estee Lauder, Relvon, LVMH, Shiseido, Chanel, ROHTO, Beiersdorf, Johnson& Johnson, DHC, Avon, Jahwa, JALA, etc. The global players competition landscape in this report is divided into three tiers. The first tier comprises global leading enterprises that command a substantial market share, hold a dominant industry position, possess strong competitiveness and influence, and generate significant revenue. The second tier includes companies with a notable market presence and reputation; these firms actively follow industry leaders in product, service, or technological innovation and maintain a moderate revenue scale. The third tier consists of smaller companies with limited market share and lower brand recognition, primarily focused on local markets and generating comparatively lower revenue.

This report studies the market size, price trends and future development prospects of Lipstick. Focus on analysing the market share, product portfolio, prices, sales, revenue and gross profit margin of global major manufacturers, as well as the market status and trends of different product types and applications in the global Lipstick market. The report data covers historical data from 2021 to 2025, based year in 2026 and forecast data from 2027 to 2033.

The regions and countries in the report include North America, Europe, China, APAC (excl. China), Latin America and Middle East and Africa, covering the Lipstick market conditions and future development trends of key regions and countries, combined with industry-related policies and the latest technological developments, analyze the development characteristics of Lipstick industries in various regions and countries, help companies understand the development characteristics of each region, help companies formulate business strategies, and achieve the ultimate goal of the company's global development strategy.  

The data sources of this report mainly include the National Bureau of Statistics, customs databases, industry associations, corporate financial reports, third-party databases, etc. Among them, macroeconomic data mainly comes from the National Bureau of Statistics, International Economic Research Organization; industry statistical data mainly come from industry associations; company data mainly comes from interviews, public information collection, third-party reliable databases, and price data mainly comes from various markets monitoring database.

Global Key Manufacturers of Lipstick Include:

L’Oreal Group

PG

Estee Lauder

Relvon

LVMH

Shiseido

Chanel

ROHTO

Beiersdorf

Johnson& Johnson

DHC

Avon

Jahwa

JALA

Lipstick Product Segment Include:

Matte

Shimmer

Gloss

Lip Stain

Sheer

Others

Lipstick Product Application Include:

Age 10 to 20

Age 20 to 30

Age 30 to 40

Age 40 to 50

Above 50 years old

Others

Chapter Scope

Chapter 1: Product Research Range, Product Types and Applications, Market Overview, Market Situation and Trends

Chapter 2: Global Lipstick Industry PESTEL Analysis

Chapter 3: Global Lipstick Industry Porter’s Five Forces Analysis

Chapter 4: Global Lipstick Major Regional Market Size (Revenue, Sales, Price) and Forecast Analysis

Chapter 5: Global Lipstick Market Size and Forecast by Type and Application Analysis

Chapter 6: North America Lipstick Competitive Analysis (Market Size, Key Players and Market Share, Product Type and Application Segment Analysis, Countries Analysis)

Chapter 7: Europe Lipstick Competitive Analysis (Market Size, Key Players and Market Share, Product Type and Application Segment Analysis, Countries Analysis)

Chapter 8: China Lipstick Competitive Analysis (Market Size, Key Players and Market Share, Product Type and Application Segment Analysis, Countries Analysis)

Chapter 9: APAC (Excl. China) Lipstick Competitive Analysis (Market Size, Key Players and Market Share, Product Type and Application Segment Analysis, Countries Analysis)

Chapter 10: Latin America Lipstick Competitive Analysis (Market Size, Key Players and Market Share, Product Type and Application Segment Analysis, Countries Analysis)

Chapter 11: Middle East and Africa Lipstick Competitive Analysis (Market Size, Key Players and Market Share, Product Type and Application Segment Analysis, Countries Analysis)

Chapter 12: Global Lipstick Competitive Analysis of Key Manufacturers (Sales, Revenue, Market Share, Price, Regional Distribution and Industry Concentration)

Chapter 13: Key Company Profiles (Product Portfolio, Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin)

Chapter 14: Industrial Chain Analysis, Include Raw Material Suppliers, Distributors and Customers

Chapter 15: Research Findings and Conclusion

Chapter 16: Methodology and Data Sources

Table 1： Global Lipstick Market Size Growth Rate by Type, 2025 VS 2026 VS 2033 (US$ Million)

Table 2： Global Lipstick Market Size Growth Rate by Application, 2025 VS 2026 VS 2033 (US$ Million)

Table 3： Lipstick Industry Development Status

Table 4： Lipstick Industry Development Trends

Table 5： Global Lipstick Market Size by Region in US$ Million: 2025 VS 2026 VS 2033

Table 6： Global Lipstick Revenue by Region (2021-2026) & (US$ Million)

Table 7： Global Lipstick Revenue Market Share by Region (2021-2026)

Table 8： Global Lipstick Revenue Forecast by Region (2027-2033) & (US$ Million)

Table 9： Global Lipstick Revenue Market Share Forecast by Region (2027-2033)

Table 10： Global Lipstick Sales by Region (2021-2026) & (K Unit)

Table 11： Global Lipstick Sales Market Share by Region (2021-2026)

Table 12： Global Lipstick Sales Forecast by Region (2027-2033)  & (K Unit)

Table 13： Global Lipstick Sales Market Share Forecast by Region (2027-2033)

Table 14： Global Lipstick Revenue Analysis by Type (2021-2026) & (US$ Million)

Table 15： Global Lipstick Revenue Analysis Forecast by Type (2027-2033) & (US$ Million)

Table 16： Global Lipstick Sales Analysis by Type (2021-2026) & (K Unit)

Table 17： Global Lipstick Sales Analysis Forecast by Type (2027-2033) & (K Unit)

Table 18： Global Lipstick Revenue Analysis by Application (2021-2026) & (US$ Million)

Table 19： Global Lipstick Revenue Analysis Forecast by Application (2027-2033) & (US$ Million)

Table 20： Global Lipstick Sales Analysis by Application (2021-2026) & (K Unit)

Table 21： Global Lipstick Sales Analysis Forecast by Application (2027-2033) & (K Unit)

Table 22： Key Lipstick Players in North America

Table 23： North America Lipstick Sales by Type (2021-2026) & (K Unit)

Table 24： North America Lipstick Sales by Type (2027-2033) & (K Unit)

Table 25： North America Lipstick Revenue by Type (2021-2026) & (US$ Million)

Table 26： North America Lipstick Revenue by Type (2027-2033) & (US$ Million)

Table 27： North America Lipstick Sales by Application (2021-2026) & (K Unit)

Table 28： North America Lipstick Sales by Application (2027-2033) & (K Unit)

Table 29： North America Lipstick Revenue by Application (2021-2026) & (US$ Million)

Table 30： North America Lipstick Revenue by Application (2027-2033) & (US$ Million)

Table 31： North America Lipstick Revenue Market Size by Country (2021-2026) & (US$ Million)

Table 32： North America Lipstick Revenue Market Size by Country (2027-2033) & (US$ Million)

Table 33： North America Lipstick Sales Market Size by Country (2021-2026) & (K Unit)

Table 34： North America Lipstick Sales Market Size by Country (2027-2033) & (K Unit)

Table 35： Key Lipstick Players in Europe

Table 36： Europe Lipstick Sales by Type (2021-2026) & (K Unit)

Table 37： Europe Lipstick Sales by Type (2027-2033) & (K Unit)

Table 38： Europe Lipstick Revenue by Type (2021-2026) & (US$ Million)

Table 39： Europe Lipstick Revenue by Type (2027-2033) & (US$ Million)

Table 40： Europe Lipstick Sales by Application (2021-2026) & (K Unit)

Table 41： Europe Lipstick Sales by Application (2027-2033) & (K Unit)

Table 42： Europe Lipstick Revenue by Application (2021-2026) & (US$ Million)

Table 43： Europe Lipstick Revenue by Application (2027-2033) & (US$ Million)

Table 44： Europe Lipstick Revenue Market Size by Country (2021-2026) & (US$ Million)

Table 45： Europe Lipstick Revenue Market Size Forecast by Country (2027-2033) & (US$ Million)

Table 46： Europe Lipstick Sales Market Size by Country (2021-2026) & (K Unit)

Table 47： Europe Lipstick Sales Market Size Forecast by Country (2027-2033) & (K Unit)

Table 48： Key Lipstick Players in China

Table 49： China Lipstick Sales by Type (2021-2026) & (K Unit)

Table 50： China Lipstick Sales by Type (2027-2033) & (K Unit)

Table 51： China Lipstick Revenue by Type (2021-2026) & (US$ Million)

Table 52： China Lipstick Revenue by Type (2027-2033) & (US$ Million)

Table 53： China Lipstick Sales by Application (2021-2026) & (K Unit)

Table 54： China Lipstick Sales by Application (2027-2033) & (K Unit)

Table 55： China Lipstick Revenue by Application (2021-2026) & (US$ Million)

Table 56： China Lipstick Revenue by Application (2027-2033) & (US$ Million)

Table 57： Key Lipstick Players in APAC (excl. China)

Table 58： APAC (excl. China) Lipstick Sales by Type (2021-2026) & (K Unit)

Table 59： APAC (excl. China) Lipstick Sales by Type (2027-2033) & (K Unit)

Table 60： APAC (excl. China) Lipstick Revenue by Type (2021-2026) & (US$ Million)

Table 61： APAC (excl. China) Lipstick Revenue by Type (2027-2033) & (US$ Million)

Table 62： APAC (excl. China) Lipstick Sales by Application (2021-2026) & (K Unit)

Table 63： APAC (excl. China) Lipstick Sales by Application (2027-2033) & (K Unit)

Table 64： APAC (excl. China) Lipstick Revenue by Application (2021-2026) & (US$ Million)

Table 65： APAC (excl. China) Lipstick Revenue by Application (2027-2033) & (US$ Million)

Table 66:： APAC (excl. China) Lipstick Revenue Market Size by Country (2021-2026) & (US$ Million)

Table 67： APAC (excl. China) Lipstick Revenue Market Size Forecast by Country (2027-2033) & (US$ Million)

Table 68： APAC (excl. China) Lipstick Sales Market Size by Country (2021-2026) & (K Unit)

Table 69： APAC (excl. China) Lipstick Sales Market Size Forecast by Country (2027-2033) & (K Unit)

Table 70： Key Lipstick Players in Latin America

Table 71： Latin America Lipstick Sales by Type (2021-2026) & (K Unit)

Table 72： Latin America Lipstick Sales by Type (2027-2033) & (K Unit)

Table 73： Latin America Lipstick Revenue by Type (2021-2026) & (US$ Million)

Table 74： Latin America Lipstick Revenue by Type (2027-2033) & (US$ Million)

Table 75： Latin America Lipstick Sales by Application (2021-2026) & (K Unit)

Table 76： Latin America Lipstick Sales by Application (2027-2033) & (K Unit)

Table 77： Latin America Lipstick Revenue by Application (2021-2026) & (US$ Million)

Table 78： Latin America Lipstick Revenue by Application (2027-2033) & (US$ Million)

Table 79： Latin America Lipstick Revenue Market Size by Country (2021-2026) & (US$ Million)

Table 80： Latin America Lipstick Revenue Market Size Forecast by Country (2027-2033) & (US$ Million)

Table 81： Latin America Lipstick Sales Market Size by Country (2021-2026) & (K Unit)

Table 82： Latin America Lipstick Sales Market Size Forecast by Country (2027-2033) & (K Unit)

Table 83： Key Lipstick Players in Middle East & Africa

Table 84： Middle East & Africa Lipstick Sales by Type (2021-2026) & (K Unit)

Table 85： Middle East & Africa Lipstick Sales by Type (2027-2033) & (K Unit)

Table 86： Middle East & Africa Lipstick Revenue by Type (2021-2026) & (US$ Million)

Table 87： Middle East & Africa Lipstick Revenue by Type (2027-2033) & (US$ Million)

Table 88： Middle East & Africa Lipstick Sales by Application (2021-2026) & (K Unit)

Table 89： Middle East & Africa Lipstick Sales by Application (2027-2033) & (K Unit)

Table 90： Middle East & Africa Lipstick Revenue by Application (2021-2026) & (US$ Million)

Table 91： Middle East & Africa Lipstick Revenue by Application (2027-2033) & (US$ Million)

Table 92： Middle East & Africa Lipstick Revenue Market Size by Country (2021-2026) & (US$ Million)

Table 93： Middle East & Africa Lipstick Revenue Market Size Forecast by Country (2027-2033) & (US$ Million)

Table 94： Middle East & Africa Lipstick Sales Market Size by Country (2021-2026) & (K Unit)

Table 95： Middle East & Africa Lipstick Sales Market Size Forecast by Country (2027-2033) & (K Unit)

Table 96： Global Lipstick Market Sales by Key Manufacturers (2021-2026) & (K Unit)

Table 97： Global Lipstick Sales Market Share by Key Manufacturers (2021-2026)

Table 98： Global Lipstick Market Revenue by Key Manufacturers (2021-2026) & (US$ Million)

Table 99： Global Lipstick Revenue Market Share by Key Manufacturers (2021-2026)

Table 100： Global Average Sales Price by Manufacturers (2021-2026) & (USD/Unit)

Table 101： Global Key Manufacturers Headquarter Location and Key Area Sales

Table 102： Market Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion

Table 103： L’Oreal Group Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information)

Table 104： L’Oreal Group Lipstick Product Portfolio

Table 105： L’Oreal Group Lipstick Revenue (US$ Million), Sales (K Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Gross Margin and Market Share (2021-2026)

Table 106： PG Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information)

Table 107： PG Lipstick Product Portfolio

Table 108： PG Lipstick Revenue (US$ Million), Sales (K Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Gross Margin and Market Share (2021-2026)

Table 109： Estee Lauder Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information)

Table 110： Estee Lauder Lipstick Product Portfolio

Table 111： Estee Lauder Lipstick Revenue (US$ Million), Sales (K Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Gross Margin and Market Share (2021-2026)

Table 112： Relvon Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information)

Table 113： Relvon Lipstick Product Portfolio

Table 114： Relvon Lipstick Revenue (US$ Million), Sales (K Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Gross Margin and Market Share (2021-2026)

Table 115： LVMH Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information)

Table 116： LVMH Lipstick Product Portfolio

Table 117： LVMH Lipstick Revenue (US$ Million), Sales (K Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Gross Margin and Market Share (2021-2026)

Table 118： Shiseido Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information)

Table 119： Shiseido Lipstick Product Portfolio

Table 120： Shiseido Lipstick Revenue (US$ Million), Sales (K Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Gross Margin and Market Share (2021-2026)

Table 121： Chanel Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information)

Table 122： Chanel Lipstick Product Portfolio

Table 123： Chanel Lipstick Revenue (US$ Million), Sales (K Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Gross Margin and Market Share (2021-2026)

Table 124： ROHTO Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information)

Table 125： ROHTO Lipstick Product Portfolio

Table 126： ROHTO Lipstick Revenue (US$ Million), Sales (K Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Gross Margin and Market Share (2021-2026)

Table 127： Beiersdorf Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information)

Table 128： Beiersdorf Lipstick Product Portfolio

Table 129： Beiersdorf Lipstick Revenue (US$ Million), Sales (K Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Gross Margin and Market Share (2021-2026)

Table 130： Johnson& Johnson Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information)

Table 131： Johnson& Johnson Lipstick Product Portfolio

Table 132： Johnson& Johnson Lipstick Revenue (US$ Million), Sales (K Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Gross Margin and Market Share (2021-2026)

Table 133： DHC Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information)

Table 134： DHC Lipstick Product Portfolio

Table 135： DHC Lipstick Revenue (US$ Million), Sales (K Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Gross Margin and Market Share (2021-2026)

Table 136： Avon Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information)

Table 137： Avon Lipstick Product Portfolio

Table 138： Avon Lipstick Revenue (US$ Million), Sales (K Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Gross Margin and Market Share (2021-2026)

Table 139： Jahwa Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information)

Table 140： Jahwa Lipstick Product Portfolio

Table 141： Jahwa Lipstick Revenue (US$ Million), Sales (K Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Gross Margin and Market Share (2021-2026)

Table 142： JALA Basic Company Profile (Employees, Areas Service, Competitors and Contact Information)

Table 143： JALA Lipstick Product Portfolio

Table 144： JALA Lipstick Revenue (US$ Million), Sales (K Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Gross Margin and Market Share (2021-2026)

Table 145： Upstream Key Raw Material Price List

Table 146： Lipstick Raw Material Suppliers and Contact Information

Table 147： Lipstick Typical Customer List

Table 148： Lipstick Distributors List

Figure 1： Lipstick Product Pictures

Figure 2： Matte Picture Scope

Figure 3： Shimmer Picture Scope

Figure 4： Gloss Picture Scope

Figure 5： Lip Stain Picture Scope

Figure 6： Sheer Picture Scope

Figure 7： Others Picture Scope

Figure 8： Age 10 to 20 Picture Scope

Figure 9： Age 20 to 30 Picture Scope

Figure 10： Age 30 to 40 Picture Scope

Figure 11： Age 40 to 50 Picture Scope

Figure 12： Above 50 years old Picture Scope

Figure 13： Others Picture Scope

Figure 14：Global Lipstick Market Size Analysis: 2025 VS 2026 VS 2033 (US$ Million)

Figure 15：Global Lipstick Market Revenue and Growth Rate Analysis: (2021-2033) & (US$ Million)

Figure 16：Global Lipstick Market Sales and Growth Rate Analysis (2021-2033) &（K Unit）

Figure 17：Global Lipstick Market Price Trend Analysis (2021-2033) & (USD/Unit)

Figure 18：Global Lipstick Market Size by Region (2021-2033) & (US$ Million)

Figure 19：Global Lipstick Market Share Scenario by Region in Percentage: 2026 Versus 2033

Figure 20：Global Lipstick Sales Price by Region (2021-2033) & (K Unit)

Figure 21：North America Lipstick Market Size and Growth Rate (2021-2033) & (US$ Million)

Figure 22：North America Lipstick Revenue Market Share by Players in 2025

Figure 23：North America Lipstick Sales Market Share by Type (2021-2033)

Figure 24：North America Lipstick Revenue Market Share by Type (2021-2033)

Figure 25：North America Lipstick Sales Market Share by Application (2021-2033)

Figure 26：North America Lipstick Revenue Market Share by Application (2021-2033)

Figure 27：US Lipstick Revenue (2021-2033) & (US$ Million)

Figure 28：Canada Lipstick Revenue (2021-2033) & (US$ Million)

Figure 29：Europe Lipstick Market Size and Growth Rate (2021-2033) & (US$ Million)

Figure 30：Europe Lipstick Revenue Market Share by Players in 2025

Figure 31：Europe Lipstick Sales Market Share by Type (2021-2033)

Figure 32：Europe Lipstick Revenue Market Share by Type (2021-2033)

Figure 33：Europe Lipstick Sales Market Share by Application (2021-2033)

Figure 34：Europe Lipstick Revenue Market Share by Application (2021-2033)

Figure 35：Germany Lipstick Revenue (2021-2033) & (US$ Million)

Figure 36：France Lipstick Revenue (2021-2033) & (US$ Million)

Figure 37：United Kingdom Lipstick Revenue (2021-2033) & (US$ Million)

Figure 38：Italy Lipstick Revenue (2021-2033) & (US$ Million)

Figure 39：Spain Lipstick Revenue (2021-2033) & (US$ Million)

Figure 40：Benelux Lipstick Revenue (2021-2033) & (US$ Million)

Figure 41：China Lipstick Market Size and Growth Rate (2021-2033) & (US$ Million)

Figure 42：China Lipstick Revenue Market Share by Players in 2025

Figure 43：China Lipstick Sales Market Share by Type (2021-2033)

Figure 44：China Lipstick Revenue Market Share by Type (2021-2033)

Figure 45：China Lipstick Sales Market Share by Application (2021-2033)

Figure 46：China Lipstick Revenue Market Share by Application (2021-2033)

Figure 47：APAC (excl. China) Lipstick Market Size and Growth Rate (2021-2033) & (US$ Million)

Figure 48：APAC (excl. China) Lipstick Revenue Market Share by Players in 2025

Figure 49：APAC (excl. China) Lipstick Sales Market Share by Type (2021-2033)

Figure 50：APAC (excl. China) Lipstick Revenue Market Share by Type (2021-2033)

Figure 51：APAC (excl. China) Lipstick Sales Market Share by Application (2021-2033)

Figure 52：APAC (excl. China) Lipstick Revenue Market Share by Application (2021-2033)

Figure 53：Japan Lipstick Revenue (2021-2033) & (US$ Million)

Figure 54：South Korea Lipstick Revenue (2021-2033) & (US$ Million)

Figure 55：India Lipstick Revenue (2021-2033) & (US$ Million)

Figure 56：Australia Lipstick Revenue (2021-2033) & (US$ Million)

Figure 57：Southeast Asia Lipstick Revenue (2021-2033) & (US$ Million)

Figure 58：Latin America Lipstick Market Size and Growth Rate (2021-2033) & (US$ Million)

Figure 59：Latin America Lipstick Revenue Market Share by Players in 2025

Figure 60：Latin America Lipstick Sales Market Share by Type (2021-2033)

Figure 61：Latin America Lipstick Revenue Market Share by Type (2021-2033)

Figure 62：Latin America Lipstick Sales Market Share by Application (2021-2033)

Figure 63：Latin America Lipstick Revenue Market Share by Application (2021-2033)

Figure 64：Mexico Lipstick Revenue (2021-2033) & (US$ Million)

Figure 65：Brazil Lipstick Revenue (2021-2033) & (US$ Million)

Figure 66：Middle East & Africa Lipstick Market Size and Growth Rate (2021-2033) & (US$ Million)

Figure 67：Middle East & Africa Lipstick Revenue Market Share by Players in 2025

Figure 68：Middle East & Africa Lipstick Sales Market Share by Type (2021-2033)

Figure 69：Middle East & Africa Lipstick Revenue Market Share by Type (2021-2033)

Figure 70：Middle East & Africa Lipstick Sales Market Share by Application (2021-2033)

Figure 71：Middle East & Africa Lipstick Revenue Market Share by Application (2021-2033)

Figure 72：Saudi Arabia Lipstick Revenue (2021-2033) & (US$ Million)

Figure 73：South Africa Lipstick Revenue (2021-2033) & (US$ Million)

Figure 74：Global Lipstick Sales Market Share by Key Manufacturers in 2025

Figure 75：Global Lipstick Revenue Market Share by Key Manufacturers in 2025

Figure 76：Global Lipstick Industry Competition Landscape

Figure 77：Lipstick Industry Chain Analysis

Figure 78：Bottom-Up and Top-Down Research Methods

Figure 79：Key Interview Objectives

Figure 80：Data Cross Validation